Sugar is a universal sweetening agent and sugar – cane is the primary age - old source of it. Sugar cane is a very important industrial crop, containing for about 60% of sugar production in the world. Sugar, as sucrose is important for energy and metabolic activities. When sugar was prepared in the beginning, cannot be definitely stated, but brown sugar or gur (Jaggery) was the first known form of sugar manufactured from sugar cane as well as from wild date palm (phoenix sulvestris), Palmyra palm (Borassus Flapellifar), today palm (Caryota urens) and other palms contains 12-14% sugar in their sap tapped for the purposes. The main raw material for sugar production, i.e. sugarcane grows widely and efforts are constantly being made to bring more area under cultivation. Sugarcane is grown in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Another sugar yielding material, the best is grown in temperate regions. The best is an important raw material in many European Countries. Of the total sugar production in the world, cane sugar constitutes nearly 55 per cent. Two third of the total cane sugar comes from Cuba, Brazil India, Australia, Mexico, China, Philippines and U.S.A., South Africa, Argentina, Mauritius and Egypt are also important cane producers. The sugar industry in India is second largest, next to textiles. It has an investment of Rs.1500 crores employs 3, 00,000 people, besides the industry provides sustenance to 25 million cultivators. The contribution of industry to the public exchequer by way of excise, cases and taxes, is substantial. Also it is an important foreign exchange earner to the country. Uses & Application SUGAR:- As such sugar used as sweetener in food product, like Jam, Jellies, Bread Biscuit & Cake etc. Industry It has largest use as domestic purposes also. It is also used as raw material for the fermentation Industry. Product uses & applications:- The various end uses of sugar are mainly in the following products:- Beverages Bakery, cereal and allied products. Confectionery and related products. Canned, bottled, and frozen foods, jellies etc. Ice Cream and dairy products. Sweets Used in households, restaurants and hotels in a number of food products. Pharmaceuticals. Market Survey India is now the largest consumer of sugar in the world and was expected to overtake Brazil in production. Although subject to cyclical fluctuations, sometimes violent ones, sugar production has grown phenomenally during the last decade. The drop in production and increased consumption put pressure on sugar prices. According to Indian Sugar Mills Association (ISMA) production in 2008-09 was estimated at 14.7 mn ton against previous year production of 26.3 mn ton. The government permitted its trading agencies like MMTC and others, such as STC, NAFED and PFC to import sugar to control prices. According to industry estimates, import contracts for close to 2 mn ton sugar have already been signed by various companies and another 500,000 ton are likely to be contracted by the end of the season, while over 1.85 mn ton of sugar has arrived. Most of these imports are sourced from Brazil. In India prices have moved up by nearly 50% in the season. The annual variations in sugar production are a result of alternate sweeteners Jaggery and Khandsari claiming more of sugarcane in times of fall in crop. With passage of time, sugar industry has been liberated from 100% procurement of sugar by government; the existing level of procurement is only 10% of the production. This has to a large measure, provided a level playing field between sugar and alternate sweeteners. The Indian Sugar Mills Association had been in favor of futures trading in sugar to provide a cushion to the industry once decontrolled. The National Federation of Cooperative Sugar Mills, the apex organization of 250 cooperative sugar mills accounting for nearly 60% of country's sugar production, did not support it. The government, however, removed all restrictions on sugar exports and permitted commencement of future trading in white sugar. Futures contracts are traded in four exchanges, the three National Multi Commodity Exchanges (NMCEs), the National Commodities and Derivatives Exchange (NCDEX), and the Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX), besides E-Sugar Ltd. Few Major Players are as under:- Agauta Sugar & Chemicals Ltd. Ashok S S K Ltd. Athani Farmers' Sugar Factory Ltd. B S I Ltd. Babhnan Sugar Mills Ltd. Bajaj Hindustan Ltd. Bajaj Hindustan Sugar & Inds. Ltd. Balrampur Chini Mills Ltd. Bannari Amman Sugars Ltd. Brima Sugar Ltd. Cawnpore Sugar Works Ltd. Champarun Sugar Co. Ltd. Chandrabhaga Sugars Pvt. Ltd. Chhata Sugar Co. Ltd. Chilwaria Sugars Ltd. Chincholi Sugar & Bio Inds. Ltd. Coromandel Sugars Ltd. Cosmos Industries Ltd. D S M Sugar (Kashipur) Ltd. Dalmia Bharat Sugar & Inds. Ltd. Dalmia Sugars Ltd. Delta Sugars Ltd. Dewan Sugars Ltd. Dhampur Sugar Mills Ltd. Dharani Sugars & Chemicals Ltd. Dollex Industries Ltd. Dwarikesh Sugar Inds. Ltd. Dwarkadhish Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. E I D-Parry (India) Ltd. Eastern Sugar Ltd. Empee Sugars & Chemicals Ltd. Gangavati Sugars Ltd. Ganpati Sugar Inds. Ltd. Gayatri Sugars Ltd. Gem Sugars Ltd. Ghaghara Sugar Ltd. Gobind Sugar Mills Ltd. Godavari Biorefineries Ltd. Guru Teg Bahadur Sugars Ltd. Gwalior Sugar Co. Ltd. Harinagar Sugar Mills Ltd. I C L Sugars Ltd. India Sugars & Refineries Ltd. Indian Sucrose Ltd. J H V Sugar Ltd. J K Sugar Ltd. Jeypore Sugar Co. Ltd. K C P Sugar & Inds. Corp. Ltd. K M Sugar Mills Ltd. K P R Sugar Mill Ltd. Kamlapur Sugar & Inds. Ltd. Kanoria Sugar & General Mfg. Co. Ltd. Karaikal Sugars Ltd. Karmaveer Kakasaheb Wagh S K Ltd. Kashipur Sugar Mills Ltd. Kirlampudi Sugar Mills Ltd. Koodal Industries Ltd. Kothari Sugars & Chemicals Ltd. Lakshmi Sugar Mills Co. Ltd. Lakshmiji Sugar Mills Co. Ltd. Madras Sugars Ltd. Maheswara Sugars Ltd. Mansurpur Sugar Mills Ltd. Mawana Sugars Ltd. Mawana Sugars Ltd. Mysore Sugar Co. Ltd. N S L Sugars (Tungabhadra) Ltd. N S L Sugars Ltd. Nahar Sugar & Allied Inds. Ltd. Naraingarh Sugar Mills Ltd. Natural Sugar & Allied Inds. Ltd. Nava Bharat Sugar & Bio Fuels Ltd. New India Retailing & Invst. Ltd. New Phaltan Sugar Works Ltd. Northland Sugar Complex Ltd. Novel Sugar Ltd. Oswal Overseas Ltd. Oudh Sugar Mills Ltd. Palwal Co-Op. Sugar Mills Ltd. Parrys Sugar Industries Ltd. Perambalur Sugar Mills Ltd. Pettavaittalai Sugars & Chemicals Ltd. Ponni Sugars (Erode) Ltd. Ponni Sugars (Orissa) Ltd. Prudential Ammana Sugars Ltd. Prudential Sugar Corp. Ltd. Prudential Tirumala Sugars Ltd. Rahuri S K Ltd. Rai Bahadur Narain Singh Sugar Mills Ltd. Rajshree Sugars & Chemicals Ltd. Rana Sugars Ltd. Ravalgaon Sugar Farm Ltd. Riga Sugar Co. Ltd. S B E C Sugar Ltd. S V Sugar Mills Ltd. Sadashiva Sugars Ltd. Sagar Sugars & Allied Products Ltd. Sakthi Sugars Ltd. Saraswati Sugar Mills Ltd. Saraya Sugar Mills Ltd. Sarita Sugars Ltd. Saswad Mali Sugar Factory Ltd. Seksaria Biswan Sugar Factory Pvt. Ltd. Shakumbari Sugar & Allied Inds. Ltd. Shamanur Sugars Ltd. Sharda Sugar & Inds. Ltd. Shervani Sugar Syndicate Ltd. Shree Ambika Sugars Ltd. Shree Bijay Sugar Mills Ltd. Shree Ganesh Khand Udyog Sahakari Mandli Ltd. Shree Hanuman Sugar & Inds. Ltd. Shree Khedut Sahakari Khand Udyog Mandli Ltd. Shree Panchaganga S K Ltd. Shree Renuka Sugars Ltd. Shree Vaani Sugars & Inds. Ltd. Shri Prabhulingeshwar Sugars & Chemicals Ltd. Simbhaoli Sugars Ltd. Sir Shadi Lal Enterprises Ltd. South India Sugars Ltd. Sree Kailas Sugars & Chemicals Ltd. Sri Chamundeswari Sugars Ltd. Sudalagunta Sugars Ltd. Swadeshi Mining & Mfg. Co. Ltd. Tamil Nadu Sugar Corp. Ltd. Thiru Arooran Sugars Ltd. Tikaula Sugar Mills Ltd. Tilan Sugar Ltd. Tirupati Sugars Ltd. Trident Sugars Ltd. Triveni Engineering & Inds. Ltd. Triveni Engineering & Inds. Ltd. Tulsipur Sugar Co. Ltd. Tungbhadra Sugar Works Ltd. Ugar Sugar Works Ltd. United Provinces Sugar Co. Ltd. Upper Ganges Sugar & Inds. Ltd. Uttam Sugar Mills Ltd. Venus Sugar Ltd. Vishnu Sugar Mills Ltd. Wahid Sandhar Sugars Ltd. Wave Industries Pvt. Ltd. Western Orissa Sugar Ltd. Yadu Sugar Ltd. Yogeshwari Sugar Inds. Ltd.